蓝猪耳小孢子发生和雄配子体发育

Microsporogenesis and Male Gametophyte Development of Torenia fournieri

利用常规石蜡切片和超薄切片技术研究蓝猪耳(Torenia fournieri)小孢子发生和雄配子体发育过程。蓝猪耳雄蕊4枚,花药具4个花粉囊。小孢子母细胞经减数分裂成四分体,其排列方式为四面体形或左右对称形。成熟花粉属2细胞型,具3个萌发孔。花药壁发育为双子叶型,腺质绒毡层。小孢子母细胞在四分体时期频繁出现细胞质降解的异常现象,其它发育阶段均正常;小孢子母细胞不正常的减数分裂可能导致花粉败育,这可能是蓝猪耳结实率低的原因之一。

Microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development of Torenia fournieri were investigated by techniques of paraffin sections and ultra-thin sections. Each flower of Toreniafournieri has four stamens, and each anther has four pollen sacs. The microsporocyte developed into tetrahedral or isobilateral tetrad through meiosis. The mature pollen grain of Torenia foumieri is 2-cell type with three germination apertures. The development of anther wall is dicotyledonous type, and the tapetum is glandular. Most processes of microsporocyte development are normal, however, the abnormal degradation of microspore cytoplasm is often observed at tetrad stage. It suggested that the abnormal meiosis of microspore mother cell might lead to pollen abortion, which may be one of the main reasons for the low setting rate of Toreniafournieri.