基于数字图像处理技术的冰川堆积物粒度分析——以川西贡嘎山冰川堆积物为例

Grain size analysis of glacial deposits based on digital image processing technology

冰川堆积物的粒度组成在很大程度上控制了其物理力学性质,但常规试验无法得到连续的冰川堆积物的粒度组成数据。应用数字图像处理技术和室内试验相结合的分析方法,首先借助图像处理技术,对冰川堆积物剖面的砾石形态进行分析,获取粗粒部分(>2cm)的粒度组成,然后采用室内颗分试验获得细粒(<2cm)部分的粒度组成,将2类粒度数据进行叠合即可获取连续的冰川堆积物的粒度组成。结果表明:研究区冰川堆积物的粒度组成极不均匀且颗粒分析曲线呈现多峰性,具有良好的级配和工程性质;冰川堆积物的粒度组成、砾石形态和排列特征都有很好的分形特征。

To a great extent,granularity composition controls the physical and mechanical properties of glacial deposits, but continuous granularity composition could not be obtained by conventional geotechnical test. Technical method on the combination of digital image processing with laboratory test is introduced in the paper, the processes of which are as follows： firstly, granularity compositions of coarse grain （〉20mm） in glacial deposits are obtained by using digital image processing; then, the granularity compositions of matrix （〈20mm） are obtained based on laboratory test; finally, the continuous granularity compositions are obtained by combining the above results. Based on fractal and fi＇actal dimension theory, the granularity characters, the directional dimension of rock blocks and the configuration characters are analyzed. The results indicate that glacial deposits have a nice character of self-comparability in statistics.