一种宏观基因调控分子SATB1

SATB1:A Chromatin Organizer and Global Regulator for Gene Expression

自身多聚化的SATB1(special AT-rich sequences binding protein 1)围绕异染色质形成笼状结构分布在细胞核中,SATB1不仅结合染色质DNA的核基质结合区(matrix attachment regions,MARs),也结合核基质,能够使DNA锚定在核基质并形成袢环状结构(loop)。SATB1的磷酸化、乙酰化和小泛素化样修饰可调节其DNA结合能力和细胞核内亚结构的定位;SATB1与多种蛋白质相互作用,能够募集染色质重塑复合物和组蛋白修饰酶,实现对其靶基因表达的时空特异性调控。SATB1在调节细胞分化、细胞凋亡、肿瘤生长与转移和X染色体失活等方面起到重要作用,并有可能成为肿瘤转移的治疗靶点。

SATB 1 （special AT-rich sequences binding protein 1） is polymerized and forms a cage-like structure surrounding heterochromatin, whereby it tethers nuclear matrix and matrix attachment region through direct binding, dynamically orchestrating chromatin DNA loop formation. Signaling events trigger phosphorylation, acetylation, and sumoylation on SATB 1, thereby either modulating its DNA binding ability or changing its intranuclear localization. SATB 1 associates with a number of molecules, recruits chromatin remodeling complexes and histone modifying enzymes and regulates gene expression temporospatially. This review highlights the roles of SATB 1 in cell differentiation, apoptosis, tumor growth and metastasis, and X chromosome inactivation. SATB1 holds promise in clinical therapeutics, particularly cancer metastasis treatment.