工艺方案的技术经济分析刍议

An Opinion on Technical and Economic Analysis to the Process Plan

在拟定机器零部件的加工和装配方案时，往往有若干个工艺方案可供选择。生产效率高的方案，由于使用专用设备增多，专用工艺装备增多，则在工艺准备和工艺装备的调整上耗费时间也增加，虽然产品的质量相对稳定，精度也得到提高，但一般投资额较大。而投资额相对比较小的方案，生产率又偏低，且质量、精度等方面相比之下又可能略欠一筹。这里向我们提出了一个问题，就是要在达到一定技术标准或使用要求的前提下，如何在若干不同的工艺方案中，选出具有较高技术经济价值的最佳方案。作者试图通过一些浅显的分析和案例，运用工艺方案成本分析的方法讨论和评价一个工艺方案技术上的先进性与经济上的合理性，力求在这两个方面得到统一。

Abstract When designing the machining and assembling plan for machine parts,usually there are several choices of processing plan Although some plan operates with high production efficiency,it requires more time for preparation of the process and adjustment of the process equipment due to more special equipment are needed and more special processing equipment are also required Therefore cost will be high though products quality is comparatively stable and accuracy improved However,some plan costs less,but production efficiency is low and quality and accuracy my not be satisfied How to find out the optimum plan with high technical economic value one the base of meeting certain technical standard or application requirements That is a question With some easy analysis and cases,the author attempts to analyze and evaluate,by process cost analysis method,the rationality of a process plan in technology and economy so as to unify the two Therefor,providing a simple but workable comparison method for the process designer