翡翠的概念、分类及A、B、C货鉴定有关问题的讨论

A dissussion on the conception,classification and identification of Feicui A,B,C

翡翠为达宝玉石级的、主要由矿物硬玉（Jadeite）或含硬玉分子（NaAlSi2O6）较高的、其他辉石类矿物构成的集合体。翡翠不等于硬玉（jadeite），也不等手硬玉岩（jadeitite），同意英译名为Feicui。翡翠的分类主要是按矿物成分分类，可分为：（1）以硬玉矿物为主的翡翠，硬玉矿≥80％称为硬玉翡翠，简称翡翠；＜80％～≥50％时，可将重要的伴生矿物名称作为形容词加于基本名称“硬玉翡翠”前。（2）其他含硬玉分子较高的钠质辉石为主的翡翠，如绿辉石翡翠、铬硬玉翡翠、铁硬玉翡翠等。翡翠A、B、C货的鉴定需要综合性的考虑，单一方法易出差错。翡翠鉴定首要任务是确定矿物组成，从而确定是否翡翠及翡翠的类型；其次确定是否有人工充填物及人工加色，从而区别A、B、C货。

The feicui is a aggregation of minerals which is mainly jadeites or other sodic pyroxene contain higher jadeite molecular (NaAlSi2O6). Feicui is a sound of Chinese noun, Feicui≠jadeite, Feicui≠jadeitite..For classification and momenclature of Feicui, Writer of this peper proposed a amending nomenclature of NaAlSi2O6-NaFelSi2O6-Ca (Mg, Fe ) Si2O6and NaAlSi2O6-NaFeSi2O6 NaCrSi2O6series (fig. 1) to a report of CNMMN in 1998.The feicui are claeeified by main minerals: (1) Jadeite feicui (simplified' Feicui' ), jadeite minaral≥80%. if <80 %, >50%, put the major associated minerals ahead' jadeite feicui',example:omphacite Jadeite feicui, magnesioriedeckite jadeite feicui, etc. (2)Other sodic pyrox ene contain NaAlSi2O6<80%, examples: omphacite feicui, chrome -jadeite feicui ferrian jadeite Feicui etc.Identification of handicraft article of feicui A, B, C needs synthetical method. Single method possibly brings false conclusion, example: Heavy liquid set, Refractive index, UV fluorescence, Pprosity, Magnification, IR spectrum, Produse sound from striked each other etc