秸秆粉碎氨化还田对土壤养分淋溶损失的影响

Effect of Straw Returning after Comminution and Amination on Soil Nutrient Leaching Loss

采用室内人工土柱模拟试验方法,研究了施加粉碎氨化秸秆后土壤中NPK的淋溶损失状况。结果表明,秸秆粉碎氨化还田后的土壤淋溶液中NO3-、PO34-、K+的各次淋溶质量分别较对照减少34.94%,57.48%,14.85%;处理土壤淋溶液中NO3-、PO34-、K+的累计质量均低于对照,分别约低26.23%,63.08%,8.00%,而NH4+的累计质量只较对照平均约低1.56%;秸秆粉碎氨化还田对土壤中NPK的淋溶损失均有不同程度的抑制作用,对PO34-的抑制作用最明显,NO3-次之,K+最后,对NH4+抑制作用不明显,最终有效降低了NPK的淋失率。

NPK leaching loss status was studied after the application of comminuted and aminated straw into soil by use of soil column simulation test. Results show that in comparison with the control,the dynamic leaching mass of NO3^-,PO4^3- and K^＋ in the soil leachate decrease by 34.94%,57.48% and 14.85% respectively after the application of comminuted and aminated straw;the accumulating leaching loss of NO3^-,PO4^3-,K^＋ in soil leachate from treated soil are all less than the control by 26.23%,63.08% and 8.00% respectively,while as for NH4^＋ the percentage is only 1.56%;straw returning after comminution and amination has a reduction effect on soil NPK leaching loss to different extents：as for PO4^3-,the reduction effect is the most significant,and in terms of NO3^- it is less significant ,and when it comes to K^＋ it is much less significant,while as for NH4^＋ it is not obvious.Ultimately,NPK leaching loss rate is effectively decreased.