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肥料配施对杂交中稻氮素积累与分配及氮肥利用率的影响 被引量:8

Effects of Organic Manure Application Combined with Chemical Fertilizers on Rice Nutrient Uptake and Distribution and Nitrogen Use Efficiency
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摘要 通过大田试验,评价有机无机肥配合施用对我国南方杂交中稻氮素积累与转移特性及氮肥利用效率影响。结果表明,叶氮积累量、茎鞘氮积累量及植株氮素积累总量在配施有机肥处理与不配施之间在抽穗期、灌浆期、成熟期均存在显著差异;有机肥的配施有利于植株各器官氮素的积累。配施有机肥对叶及茎鞘氮的表观转运率影响差异不显著。配施有机肥的氮收获指数在成熟期以尿素配施饼肥最高,比尿素+控失剂并配施有机肥高15.2%。配施有机肥与相对应不施有机肥的氮肥利用率能提高10%左右。尿素+控失剂处理的生物产量及籽粒产量均较高,分别比不施肥处理高50.6%,16.4%。品种间差异主要表现为叶氮积累量及氮素积累总量且在生育后期差异显著。因此,配施有机肥作基肥有利于叶氮、茎鞘氮及氮素积累总量的积累。氮素的表观运转率在不同的肥料处理及高产杂交水稻品种间均无显著差异。配施有机肥能显著提高氮肥利用率及氮收获指数。 Chemical fertilizers,especially nitrogenous fertilizer,have played an important role on increasing paddy rice production. In this research,field experiment with 7 fertilizers under 225 kg/hm2 nitrogen amount and five high-yielding medium hybrid rice varieties has been conducted. Results showed that there were significant difference on nitrogen accumulation of leaf (NAL),nitrogen accumulation stem (NAS) and total nitrogen accumulation (TNA) between the compound application of the inorganic and organic fertilizer in A7,A6 and A5 with the corresponding treatments A2,A3 and A4. Varieties difference was showed mainly on NAL and TNA at the late development stages. Nitrogen harvest index (NHI) of A6 was highest,15.2% higher than no compound application with organic fertilizer treatment A5. Leaf and stem nitrogen apparent translate ratio (NATR) of A3 was highest,6.1% and 9.53% higher than A2 and A5,respectively. The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) increased by 10% through compound application organic fertilizer. The biomass and grain yield of A4 were higher than those of the other treatments,50.6% and 16.4% higher than A1,respectively. Thus,the compounding organic fertilizer as base fertilizer was applied in favor of the nitrogen accumulation of leaf,stem and total plant. NATR was no significant difference in fertilizers test and higher yield varieties. The compound organic fertilizer can significantly increase NUE and NHI.
出处 《水土保持学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2010年第1期163-166,共4页 Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金 科技部国际合作重点项目(2006DFA32990) 科技部星火计划项目(2008GA710005)
关键词 水稻 肥料结构 氮积累与氮分配 氮肥利用率 rice fertilizer nutrient uptake and distribution NUE
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