汉语位移事件词汇化的语言类型探究

Motion-event typology in Mandarin Chinese revisited

位移事件的词汇化存在语言类型上的差异。本文在Talmy(1985,1991,2000a,2000b)和Slobin(2004)的基础上提出汉语属于广义均等构架语言,并以汉语位移类动趋式中做趋向补语的词是动词而不是附目为突破口,从词汇内部构造和语言运用两个方面予以论证。本文进一步证明,某一语言特定的词汇化模式,很大程度上决定着本族语者会注意经验的某些特定方面,并用该语言特定的方式叙述出来。

Based on the different lexicalization patterns of the conceptual element PATH of motion events,Talmy(1985,1991,2000a,b)classifies world languages into two types:verb-framed language type and satellite-framed language type.In Talmy's system,Mandarin Chinese belongs in the satellite-framed language type.This is challenged by Slobin(2004),who argues for an extra third type,i.e.equipollently-framed language type.Chinese is shown to be best located in the third type.This paper supports Slobin's reclassification of Chinese,but with a caveat that his conception of equipollently-framed is too narrow to apply to Chinese as far as motion events in Chinese is concerned.Slobin's conception is hence revised in this paper.