新疆生产建设兵团1998-2008年慢性非传染性疾病的变化趋势分析

Analysis on the changing trends of non-communicable diseases in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, from 1998 to 2008

目的了解新疆生产建设兵团（兵团）1998-2008年慢性非传染性疾病（慢病）患病率的变化趋势。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法对兵团常住居民进行慢病横断面调查，同时利用1998、2004年两次兵团卫生服务调查慢病相关资料。按1998年调查人口年龄构成进行标化，计算标准化患病率。结果1998、2004和2008年兵团慢病患病率分别为17．26％、25．61％和24．85％，标准化患病率分别为17．26％、23．54％和20．49％。35～、45～、55～、≥65岁年龄组在1998、2004和2008年的慢病患病率差异均有统计学意义，且呈逐年上升趋势；1998-2008年兵团居民中高血压病、糖尿病、脑血管疾病、冠心病、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病（COPD）的患病率增加较明显；按不同年龄组分析，高血压病在≥35岁组，糖尿病在≥45岁组，冠心病和脑血管疾病在≥55岁组的患病率呈逐年增加趋势。结论心脑血管疾病、糖尿病是兵团近10年来上升速度较快的慢病，已成为危害兵团居民健康的主要疾病，人口老龄化是主要原因。

Objective To understand the changing trends of non-communicable diseases （NCDs） in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 1998 to 2008. Methods A stratified-cluster random sampling based cross-sectional NCDs survey was carried out in 2008, and using the data of NCDs from the health service surveys in 1998 and 2004, in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. The prevalence rate of NCDs was standardization according to age proportion of the population being surveyed in 1998. Results In 1998, 2004 and 2008, the prevalence rates of NCDs in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were 17.26% , 25.61% , 24.85% while the Standardized rates of NCDs were 17.26%, 23.54% and 20.49% respectively. The prevalence rates of NCDs were statistically significant different in 35-, 45-, 55- and over 65 age groups in 1998, 2004 and 2008 which showed an consecutive upward trend. The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increased significantly from 1998 to 2008. The prevalence rate of hypertensive disease among 25- age group, diabetes among 35- age group, cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease among 45- age groups showed an increasing trend. Conclusion Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, together with diabetes were the fastest increasing ones over the past 10 years and becoming the major diseases, making the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps an aging population. NCDs should be prioritized in the health development plan. Targeted health education should be carried out in the whole population, together with other interventions as well as management programs on chronic diseases to reduce the prevalence of NCDs.