山西省贲门癌遗传流行病学研究

Studies on hereditary epidemiology of cardia cancer in Shanxi province

目的探讨山西省贲门癌发病因素中遗传因素的作用。方法采用病例对照研究方法，对病例及对照的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级亲属所有成员的姓名、性别、出生和死亡日期以及疾病诊断与治疗进行调查。用Falconer法和Li—Mentel—Gart法计算贲门癌的遗传度和分离比。结果（1）病例组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级亲属的贲门癌患病率分别是0．54％、0．04％、0．05％；病例组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级亲属的上消化道癌患病率分别为2．50％、0．36％、0.13％。贲门癌与上消化道癌患病呈现Ⅰ〉Ⅱ〉Ⅲ级亲属的趋势，表现为家族聚集性，男女性均如此。（2）贲门癌先证者Ⅰ级亲属患贲门癌的遗传度为11．71％，其中女性为14．72％，男性为14．01％；贲门癌先证者Ⅰ级亲属患上消化道癌的遗传度为13．87％，其中女性为23．08％，男性为11．49％，均低于25％，属低遗传肿瘤。（3）病例组同胞中上消化道分离比为0．0452，其中男性为0．0441，女性为0．0507，均低于0．25，不符合单基因遗传方式，属多基因遗传方式。结论遗传因素是责门癌的危险因素，但不是山西省贲门癌高发的主要危险因素。

Objective Studies on cardia-cancer caused by hereditary factors. Methods Case-control method was adopted, with information including name, sex, date of birth, date of death of all the Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲrelatives of the patients, diagnosis and the treatment collected. The hereditary probability of cardia cancer and the separation degree were calculated by Falconer and Li-Mentel-Gart. Results （1） Prevalence rates of cardia-cancer on relative Ⅰ, relative Ⅱ, relative Ⅲ of cardia-eancer patients appeared to be 0.54%, 0.04%, and 0.05% respectively. Prevalence rates of upper-digestive-tract-cancer of relative Ⅰ, relative Ⅱ, relative Ⅲ of cardia-caneer patients showed as ： 2.50%, 0.36% and 0.13% respectively. Data showed that relative Ⅰ〉 relative Ⅱ 〉 relative Ⅲ and family cluster existed in both males and females. （2） Cardia-eancer hereditary probability of the relative Ⅰ cardia-cancer probands was 11.71%, with males as 14.01% and females as 14.72%. The upper-digestive-tract-cancer hereditary probability of the relative Ⅰcardia-cancer probands was 13.87%, with males as 11.49% and females as 23.08%, both below 25%, indicating this was a low hereditary cancer. （3）The upper-digestive-tract-cancer separation of the blood compatriots of cardia-cancer patients was 0.0452, with males as 0.0441 and females as 0.0507, both below 0.25, indicating the nature of a multi-gene but not single-gene hereditary way. Conclusion Hereditary factor is recognized as one of the high risk cardia cancer, but not the most risky factor causing the high morbidity of cardia cancer in Shanxi province.