“太一”与“招摇”关系考

Textual research on the relationship between Tayi and Zhaoyao

“太一”又作“大一”、“天一”，指天神和天极，被视为天帝的居处。古时最接近北极而且充当授时主星的是北斗；北斗的第一星天枢，是北斗拱极运动的枢纽，因而充当了当年的极星而被称为“北极枢”。北斗授时所体现的帝王及主气之神的特征，与万物之神“太一”相吻合，所以成为太一的化身。“招摇”本是北斗的第七星摇光，后成为北斗的代称。如此，“招摇”与“太一”借北斗而相连，构成两物一体的关系，以致在古代文献中常常相互表示。

Taiyi, also called Dayi, Tianyi, which refers to the heaven spirit and celestial pole, is regarded as the residence of the emperor of heaven. In ancient times, Beidou stars （ Big Dipper） , acting as the main star for time issue, was nearest to the North Pole and the first star of Beidou stars （ Big Dipper） called Tianshu （Upper Pivot） became the pivot of the circumpolar motion of Beidou stars （Big Dipper）, so acted as the pole star of that time and was called Beijishu （ North Pole Pivot）. The characteristic of monarch and spirit governing qi carriage by the time issue of Beidou （ Big Dipper） coincided with Taiyi, the spirit of all things so that became the embodiment of Tai. Zhaoyao, the seventh star of Beidou stars （Big dipper） Benetnasch became the alternative name of Beidou stars（ Big dipper） in later times. As a result, Zhaoyao was connected with Taiyi by Beidou stars （Big Dipper） and became synonymous, so they were both often referred to in ancient literature.