日本血吸虫未成熟虫卵超微结构和免疫电镜的初步观察

Schistosoma japonicum: The ultrastructural observation of eggs and egg granuloma in mouse liver by immuno-electro-microscopy and TEM

目的观察日本血吸虫未成熟虫卵发育过程中形态学变化，深入了解抗卵胚免疫作用的效应机制。方法应用透射电镜及免疫电镜方法，研究日本血吸虫卵及其肉芽肿反应超微结构，并对成熟虫卵及未成熟虫卵进行透射电镜和免疫电镜比较观察。结果进一步证实日本血吸虫卵壳表面布满网络状纤丝和微棘状突起。成熟虫卵纤毛微管呈现典型的9＋2结构。肉芽肿细胞形态超微结构显示嗜酸性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、浆细胞、淋巴细胞和纤维母细胞功能活跃。结论提示日本血吸虫卵肉芽肿的形成是细胞免疫与体液免疫联合参与的结果。经免疫电镜证明，抗未成熟卵抗体分子和嗜酸性粒细胞特殊颗粒在抗卵胚发育免疫中具有潜在的意义。

Objective To investigate the morphology of immature eggs of Schistosoma japonicumin its embryonation development. Methods Immuno--electro-microscopy were employed to observe theimmature and mature eggs and the hepatic egg graunlomas in BALB/c mice infected with S. japonicum.Results The results showed that the outer surface of egg shell of S. japonicum is covered withnumerous microspicules as visualized with TEM, the shape of microspicules is as similar as that reported byHe YX. And the predominant cell constituents of granuloma were eosinophilic granulocytes andmacrophages lymphocytes, plasma cells and fibroblasts etc. Ultrastructural lymphocytes seemed to be Tcells in nature. These cells in granuloma showed very active function characterization. Conclusion Theabove studies have suggested that S. j egg granuloma formation might be the consequence of mixedcellular immune responses and combination with humoral immune reaction. It is of interest to note that theultrastructure of the eosinophilo--granules demonstrated by innuno--enzyme staining were obviouslydifferent from that by the routine TEM.