三八河河口潮滩有机碳、油类、硫化物及微生物分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Total Organic Carbon,Oil,Sulfide and Microorganisms in the Estuary Tidal Beach of Sanba River

为了评价烟台市牟平区三八河河口潮滩中主要污染物的分布及土著微生物的修复潜力，研究了潮滩沉积物中w（TOC），w（油类），w（硫化物）和微生物的水平及垂直分布规律. 利用单因子污染指数法对污染状况进行了分析. 结果表明：各因子污染指数由大到小为有机碳〉硫化物〉油类，河口区域w（TOC），w（油类）和w（硫化物）明显高于对照点，越靠近河口表层（0-≤20 cm）沉积物污染越重，说明潮滩污染主要由河流排污引起. 垂直深度上污染物主要集中在亚表层（5-≤20 cm），0-≤50 cm深度范围内w（TOC），w（油类）和w（硫化物）随深度的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势. 微生物分布规律显示，外源有机物的输入可提高沉积物中异养菌总数和呼吸强度，潮滩微生物可通过呼吸过程实现有机碳的矿化和输出，具有一定的修复潜力.

In order to investigate the distribution of primary contaminants and the environmental bioremediation potential of indigenous microorganisms in the tidal beach of Sanba River estuary at Muping, Yantai, Shandong, the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of total organic carbon （TOC） , oil, sulfide and microorganisms in the sediment samples collected from this area were determined. The environmental quality in this area was also evaluated using the single factor pollution index method. The results showed that the pollution index was in the order TOC 〉 sulfide 〉 oil. Moreover, the pollution degrees of TOC, oil and sulfide in the contaminated estuary area were significantly higher than those in the control site; and, more serious pollution was found in surface sediment （0-420 cm） closer to the estuary. These results indicate that tidal beach pollution could be mainly attributed to pollution discharge from the river. The investigation of the vertical profile of pollutants revealed that the pollutant contents were highest in the subsurface layer （5-420 cm） , and with increasing depth （0-450 cm） , the pollutants increased first but then decreased in the deep layer. With regards to the distribution profile of microorganisms, it suggested that the organic matter input could elevate the number and respiratory intensity of heterotrophic microorganisms in the sediment. This indicated that indigenous microorganisms could improve the mineralization and output of organic matter by respiration process, showing some bioremediation potential.