关于东亚大气环流和季风的研究

A REVIEW OF THE ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION AND MONSOON IN EAST ASIA

为了纪念我国现代气象的奠基人竺可祯先生,本文回顾了自竺先生“东南亚季风和中国雨量开创性论文发表以后在东亚大气环流研究方面的主要成果。给一部分讨论了大气坏流的双元性和季节突变,第二部分讨论了海陆差异和地形在季风发展的动力和热力过程中的作用,这包括冬季风、夏季风以及有关的热源和热汇。第三部分讨论了季风降水,尤其重点介绍了中尺度扰动、低空急流和梅雨的年际变率。

Some important progresses of the studies of the general circulation and monsoon in East Asia, made since the pioneering work 'Monsoon in Southeast Asia and rainfall amount in China' by Professor Zhu Kezhen, have been extensively reviewed in memory of this founder of modern meteorology in China. The first part has addressed the bimodality of the general circulation and abrupt seasonal change. The second part has dealt with the role of the continent and ocean contrast and topography in the dynamic and thermal processes of monsoon development, including winter and summer monsoons, and associated heat sources and sinks. The third part has discussed the monsoonal precipitation, with a special emphasis on the meso-scale disturbance, low-level jet and interannual variability of Meiyu.