超声波刺激对水稻的种子萌发及其产量和品质的影响

Effects of Ultrasound on the Seed Germination and Yield and Quality of Rice

为探明超声波在水稻生产中的利用价值,采用人工气候室模拟和田间试验的方法,分别研究了超声波刺激对水稻种子发芽和水稻产量及品质的影响。研究结果表明:超声波对水稻种子的萌发率无显著效应,但提高了种子的萌发速度。40kHz超声波处理可以使培杂泰丰(杂交稻)增产9.43%,而20kHz的超声波处理使桂香占(常规稻)增产达到10.55%。水稻增产的主要原因是超声波处理提高了水稻的有效穗数和单位面积颖花数。从稻米品质来看,超声波处理显著地降低了2个水稻品种(组合)的垩白度。超声波处理后,桂香占的垩白粒率也显著降低,但培杂泰丰的垩白粒率无显著变化。说明超声波处理对提高水稻产量和改善稻米的外观品质有明显的效果。

To explore the application value of ultrasound on rice production, effects of ultrasound on the seed germination and yield and quality of rice was studied with a method of field experiment associating with simulation experiment in phytotron. The results were as follows： Although no significant effect was found on the ratio of rice seed germination, ultrasound increased significantly the germination speed of rice seed. The yield of Peizataifeng was increased by 9.43% when treated with ultrasound of 40 kHz. Meanwhile, the yield of Guixiangzhan was increased by 10.55% when treated with 20 kHz ultrasound. Rice yield improvement was attributed to the increase of its available panicles and its grains of unit area after ultrasound treating. As for the rice quality, ultrasound significantly decreased rice chalky area of above two rice varieties. Ultrasound decreased the chalkiness rice ratio of Guixiangzhan, but had no effect on Peizataifeng. In conclusion, Ultrasound has obvious effects on the yield and the appearance quality of rice.