黄绿木霉T1010对日光温室番茄功能叶光合色素含量及光系统Ⅱ光化学效率的影响

Effect of Trichoderma aureoviride 1010 on Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Content and Fv/Fm of Tomato Functional Leaves in Solar-Greenhouse

番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mil1.)是喜温植物,在日光温室冬季生产中经常遇到亚低温逆境,使其光合生产力的发挥受到限制。此研究旨在探索黄绿木霉T1010(Trichoderma aureviride 1010)对亚低温逆境条件下番茄光合生产力的主要限制因素光合色素含量及光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)光化学效率的影响,为冬季日光温室番茄高产、优质、高效栽培提供理论依据和技术支撑。研究采用黄绿木霉T1010制剂对山东寿光日光温室番茄连作土壤进行处理,以常规生产区作对照,重复4次进行对比试验。试验结果显示:与常规生产区(对照)相比,黄绿木霉T1010处理的日光温室番茄初花期功能叶叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量分别提高34.37%、34.67%、32.19%;4℃低温胁迫8h后,PSⅡ光化学效率(Fv/Fm)少降低48.73%。收获中期功能叶叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量分别提高21.77%、58.54%、50.53%;4℃低温胁迫8h后,PSⅡ光化学效率(Fv/Fm)少降低35.03%。与常规生产区(对照)相比,黄绿木霉T1010处理的日光温室番茄单功能叶干重、单果重和产量分别提高42.69%、30.46%和20.00%。进一步进行ANOVA分析,结果显示:日光温室番茄光合生理和产量指标不同处理间差异除初花期叶绿素b和收获中期叶绿素a达显著水平外,其他均达极显著水平。由此可见,黄绿木霉T1010对日光温室番茄不同时期功能叶主要光合色素含量及低温逆境胁迫下PSⅡ光化学效率均有不同程度的积极影响,有助于提高秋冬茬日光温室番茄各时期特别是收获中期亚低温胁迫下的光合生产力,进而提高番茄产量。

Tomato （Lyeopersieon eseulentum Mill.） is temperate - loving plant, it was often under chilling stress during winter production in solar-greenhouse, and its efficiency of photosynthesis could get serious influence. In this study, the authors determined whether Trichoderma aureoviride 1010 （T1010） enhances the photosynthetic physiology of tomato under low temperature in solar-greenhouse or not through soil improvement with T1010, and hoped to gain information for the application of T1010 to regulate thephotosynthetic physiology of tomato under chilling stress. The treatments and control repeated for four times. The results of ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in data of the photosynthetic physiology of tomato functional leaves and yield. Among these treatments, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid of functional leaves during the initial blooming stage of tomato treated with T1010 had been increased by 34.37%, 34.67% and 32.19% than that of control, respectively, and the range of reduction of Fv/ Fm treated with T1010 had been decreased by 48.73% than that of control. And the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid of functional leaves during the mid-term of gains of tomato treated with T1010 had been increased by 21.77%, 58.54% and 50.53% than that of control, respectively, and the range of reduction of Fv/Fm treated with T1010 had been decreased by 35.03% than that of control. And among these treatments, the dry weight of single functional leaf, weight of single fruit and yield treated with T1010 had been increased by 42.69%, 30.46% and 20.00% than that of control, respectively. It showed that T1010 had good influence on the photosynthetic physiology of tomato functional leaves and yield under low temperature in solar-greenhouse.