花期促果措施对冬枣内源激素和坐果率的影响

Effects of Different Fruit-Setting Methods on the Endohormone Contents and Fruit Setting Rate in the Florescence Period of Dongzao (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao)

以冬枣为试材,在盛花期对枣头进行环剥、绞缢和喷施赤霉素处理,研究坐果后冬枣叶片、初花、初果、黄蕾和落花中内源激素(IAA、ABA、GA、ZR)的含量变化,结合不同处理后冬枣坐果率的调查,探讨花期不同促果措施对提高冬枣坐果率的实施效果。结果表明,环剥和喷施10～20mg/kg的赤霉素能够改善冬枣树体内源激素的平衡状态,两者结合使用,有利于提高冬枣坐果率;绞缢提高冬枣坐果率的效果低于环剥,不能改善冬枣树体内源激素的含量,同时存在技术缺陷,因此不宜应用。

Dongzao （Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao） is one of the famous fresh-eating cultivars of Chinese jujube that matures in middle October. Many euhivating methods are used in the florescence period to promote the fruit-setting rate of Dongzao, among which, girdling and spraying GA3 are two conventional methods, and that tying wire in the branches is a new experiment in production. In this study, different fruit-setting methods such as girdling, tying wire and spraying GA3 were used in the florescence period of Dongzao to analyze the function of those methods. The effect of those methods on both the endohormone contents （IAA, ABA, GA, ZR） in leaves, blooming flowers, young fruits, flower-buds, shatters and the fruit-setting rate were analyzed in order to discuss their function. The result showed that, girdling and spraying GA3 could effectively improve the balance of endohormone contents in Dongzao trees, integrating the two methods could improve the fruit-setting rate of Dongzao evidently. The effect of tying wire on improving the fruit-setting rate was not as good as girdling and the effect on the endohormone contents had not obvious difference with the control. At the same time, there were some shortcomings in the method of tying wire, so that this method could not be used on Dongzao.