花椒的化学成分及其药效学研究

Study on Chemical Composition and Pharmacodynamics of Zanthoxylum

目的:综述近年我国花椒属中药花椒和椒目等中化学成分及其药理学研究进展。方法:采用文献检索系统收集、分析、整理和总结,并提己见。结果:一是近年以花椒和椒目为主的花椒属中药和天然植物的化学成分及其药效学研究已有部分报道,并且已经受到医药研究界关注。二是花椒和椒目主要含挥发油、萜类(芳樟醇和柠檬烯为主)、氨基酸、矿物质和蛋白质等;而研究较为深入的挥发油中主要含28%-33%α-亚麻酸和29%-35%亚油酸。三是花椒和椒目的主要活性物质是挥发油中不饱和脂肪酸等,其主要药效作用是降血压和降血脂、抗菌、抗炎、抗溃疡、杀虫等。结论:以花椒和椒目为主的花椒属植物中所含不饱和脂肪酸类挥发油、蛋白质和矿物质等,对于人类心脑血管、皮肤病和感染性等疾病具有显著药用开发价值。

Objective：To review the Chinese medicine in China＇s Zanthoxylum bungeanum and the seeds,the chemical constituents and pharmacological research progress.Methods：We used information retrieval system to collect the information about Zanthoxylum,which was analysed and summarize.Results：First,In recent years,pepper and pepper to head mainly Zanthoxylum medicine and The chemical composition of natural plant and Pharmacodynamic Study of some of them have reported,And pharmaceutical research community has been concerned about the.Second,Chinese prickly ash and pepper head containing volatile oil major、Terpenoid（Linalool and limonene-based）、Amino acids、Minerals and proteins,etc;More thorough study of volatile oil in the main with28%-33%α-linolenic acid and 29%-35%Linoleic acid.Third,The main purpose of pepper and pepper active substance is volatile oil and other unsaturated fatty acids,Its main effect is to lower blood pressure and blood fat,anti-bacterial,anti-inflammatory,anti-ulcer, pesticides,etc.Conclusion：Head to pepper and pepper plants Zanthoxylum mainly contained unsaturated fatty acids volatile oil,protein and minerals,etc.Human cardio-and cerebro-vascular,skin diseases and infectious diseases such as the development of significant medicinal value.