转基因动物技术的研究进展及应用

The Development and Application of Transgenic Technology in Animals

文章综述了转基因动物的制作的主要方法及其优缺点,包括显微原核注射法、逆转录病毒感染法、胚胎干细胞介导法、体细胞核移植技术、精子载体法、胞浆内单精子注射法以及卵母细胞载体法等。阐述了转基因动物技术在人类疾病模型、生产人体器官、动物反应器和改良动物品种及其生产性能等方面的应用,并提出转基因动物技术存在的一些技术难题和安全性问题。

This review describes the methods of transgenic animal production,mainly contain microinjection,retrovirus infection,embryonic stem cell,nuclear transfer from cultured somatic cells,sperm vector,Intracytoplasmic sperm injection and oocyte vector,etc.Every method has its own advantage and disadvantage.Transgenic animal technique has been mainly used in many areas, such as human disease model,xenotransplantation,bioreactor and improving breed variety and character.Otherwise,this technique also has some troubles and security problems.