急性硬脊膜外血肿患者的临床护理

Clinical nursing of patients with acute spinal epidural hematoma

总结了3例不同类型的急性硬脊膜外血肿患者的临床护理过程。术前密切观察病情进展及心理疏导，争取尽早手术治疗。术后注意生命体征监测、体位护理、心理疏导、腹泻腹胀观察护理、排尿困难的观察护理、肢体康复护理。硬脊膜外血肿是一种罕见但致残率相当高的神经科急症，多数患者需要急诊手术治疗。本组2例进行了手术治疗，其中1例完全康复，另1例由于术前血肿压迫时间长而导致肢体瘫痪；1例未进行手术治疗，经过缓解脊髓水肿药物及止痛药物治疗，肢体功能康复。

Acute spinal epidural hematoma is a rare neurological emergency with high disability rate,and most patients need emergency operation. This paper summarizes the characteristics of clinical nursing for three patients with acute spinal epidnral hematoma. Close preoperative observation,psychological counseling and early operation were emphasized for three patients with acute spinal epidural hematoma. After the operation,the points of nursing included monitoring vital signs,posture nursing,psyehologicul counseling,observing abdominal distension and diarrhea,dysuria observation,and limbs rehabilitation nursing. As a result,two patients received operative treatment,one case reached fully clinical recovery,and another ease became paralyzed. One patient reached clinical recovery by drug rehabilitation.