后格赖斯语用学的理论走向——语义学和语用学界面研究的兴起

The Theoretical Orientation in Post-Gricean Pragmatics:The Rising of Semantics-pragmatics Interface Study

关于语义学和语用学关系的争论由来已久,但进入后格赖斯语用学阶段,由于格赖斯关于"所言"和"所含"的区分存在着缺陷,使这场争论的焦点已转向语义和语用的界面问题。语义最简论认为,句子表达独立于语境的最简命题,同时承认所言中含有语境敏感成分;语境论则认为,句子的话语意义包括显性意义和隐性意义都属于推论意义即含义,必须通过语用过程在语境中加以确定。界面研究的兴起,对于我们认识语言的意义和语言的使用与认知的关系开辟了新的视阈。

There has been a long controversy over the relationship between semantics and pragmatics, but there is a shift of focus in study from this concern to the semanfics-pragmatics interface in post-Gricean pragmatics. The semantic minimalism claims that a sentence expresses a proposition independent of context, and meanwhile maintains that there are context-sensitive elements in language, while eontextualism holds that the utterance meaning of a sentence, including explicit and implicit meaning claimed as implicature, must be determined through pragmatic processes in context. The rising of sementics-pragmaties interface study provides us with a new perspective from which linguistic meaning and language use can be explained in relation to human cognition.