二宫尊德“分度伦理”的社会文化基础

The Sociocultural Foundation of Ninomiya Sontoku's "Bundo Ethics"

二宫尊德是日本德川时代后期的农民思想家,在农村复兴实践的过程中,创造了独具特色的报德思想。其中的"分度伦理"的主张是实践报德之道的重要保证,是农民生活长泰久安的基本法则,也是报德仕法的基础性存在。二宫尊德在日本获得了极高的社会认同,除了其勤奋简朴的形象之外,他的报德思想中所涵盖的伦理观符合日本社会的精神结构,接近日本人的文化心理,应该是一个不容忽视的因素。

Ninomiya Sontoku, a peasant philosopher at the end of Tokugawa Era, established hotoku（ repayment sb＇ s kindness） idea during the process of the rural revitalization. Thrifty （ bundu ethics） was an important guarantee in the practice of hotoku, a basic principle to maintain a peaceful life and the foundation of hotoku movement. Ninomiya Sontoku had widely won social recognition in Japan, not only because of his diligence and thrifty image, but also because the ethical principle expressed in his hotoku idea was in accordance with Japan＇ s social spiritual structure and close to the cultural psychology of the Japanese people, which should also be a significant factor.