抗生素对肉鸡生长、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

Effects of Different Antibiotics on Growth and Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens

试验研究饲粮中添加维吉尼亚霉素、恩拉霉素或黄霉素对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肌肉品质的影响。试验采用完全随机设计,将216只1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每重复6只鸡（公、母各半）。基础饲粮为无抗生素对照组,其余处理在基础饲粮中分别添加维吉尼亚霉素（5、10、20mg/kg）、恩拉霉素（1-21日龄5mg/kg,22-42日龄3mg/kg）或黄霉素（5mg/kg）。与无抗生素对照组相比,添加维吉尼亚霉素和恩拉霉素显著提高11-21日龄平均日增重（ADG）及22-42日龄平均日采食量（ADFI）和ADG（P〈0.10）。添加黄霉素可显著提高22-42日龄ADG（P〈0.10）。黄霉素组胸肌滴水损失显著降于维吉尼亚霉素组（P〈0.10）。维吉尼亚霉素、恩拉霉素对屠宰性能和肌肉品质均无显著影响（P〉0.10）。结果表明：饲粮中添加维吉尼亚霉素、黄霉素和恩拉霉素均可改善肉仔鸡的生长性能,对其屠宰性能均无影响;维吉尼亚霉素和恩拉霉素对肉鸡肌肉品质无显著影响,而黄霉素可降低鸡胸肌滴水损失。

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of virginiamycin, enramycin, and flavomycin on growth performance, slaughter performance and meat quality in broiler chickens. The completely randomized design was used. Two hundred and sixteen 1 -day -old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to one of six treatments, each consisting of 6 replicate cages with 6 birds （3 male and 3 female） per cage. The basal diet served as the control group, and the other 5 treatment diets were formulated by adding virginiamycin （5, 10, 20 mg/kg of diet）, enramycin （5 mg/kg of diet from 1d to 21 d, 3 mg/kg of diet from 22 d to 42 d） or flavomycin （5 mg/kg of diet） to the basal diet. The average daily gain （ADG） of 1d to 21d and the average daily feed intake （ADFI）, ADG of 22 d to 42 d were significantly（P〈0.10） improved by virginiamycin and enramycin when compared with the control group; The ADG of 22 d to 42d and the drip loss of the pectoral muscle was significantly （P〉0.10） improved when the diet supplemented with flavomycin, but the slaughter performance were not significantly （P〉0.10） influenced by flavomycin; The slaughter performance and meat quality were not significantly （P〉0.10） changed by virginiamycin or enramycin. It was concluded that the growth performance was improved by virginiamycin, enramycin, and flavomycin, but slaughter performance was influenced by none of them. The meat quality was not influenced by virginiamycin and enramycin, but the drip loss of the pectoral muscle was reduced by flavomycin.