哺乳动物胚胎玻璃化冷冻研究进展

Advance in Vitrification of Mammalian Embryos

近40年来,利用冷冻保存技术将哺乳动物胚胎长期保存起来,建立"胚胎库"是保护物种资源和拯救濒危动物的有效手段,同时也是加快家畜品种改良、建立动物基因库和实施胚胎移植产业化的重要组成部分,也可以为克隆、转基因等现代生物技术提供丰富的试验材料,使胚胎的供给不受时间和空间的限制。胚胎冷冻保存技术在人类辅助生殖方面也具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要介绍了玻璃化冷冻过程中胚胎冷冻主体承载工具特点和应用,并展望未来哺乳动物胚胎冷冻发展的方向。

Embryo cryopreservation is a useful tool for embryology since the early 1970s. It has become an essential part of assisted reproductive technologies, allowing long term storage of valuable embryos from lab animals, livestock, endangered species and humans. It also plays an important role in the livestock breeding, establishment of animal genebank and the commercial embryo transfer. Moreover, it could provide more embryos available for modem embryo biotechnology such as animal cloning, animal transgene and the therapy of sterility in human. This paper reviewed recent efforts in mammalian embryo cryopreservation.