情绪生理机制研究的外周与中枢神经系统整合模型

Integration Models of Peripheral and Central Nervous System in Research on Physiological Mechanisms of Emotions

阐明人类情绪的生理机制是心理学家和神经科学家所面临的巨大挑战。以往研究倾向于分别考察情绪的外周反应模式和脑机制。近年来,随着情绪电生理学和认知神经科学的发展,许多研究者从外周与中枢神经系统相互作用的角度,提出了一些解释情绪生理机制的整合模型。其中,以情绪环路模型和神经内脏整合模型为典型代表。前者强调由外周到中枢的自下而上的加工方式,试图说明情绪经验形成的机制;后者则采取由中枢到外周的自上而下的加工方式,试图阐明情绪调控的机制。今后的研究有必要借鉴这两个模型,并结合近期有关情绪信息加工神经机制的新成果,以便构建能够更为全面解释人类情绪的生理模型。

To clarify the physiological mechanism of human emotions is a great challenge for psychologists and neuroscientists.Previous studies trended to separately investigate the peripheral response patterns and brain mechanisms of emotions.With the development of emotional electrophysiology and cognitive neuroscience,many researchers have recently proposed several integration models of physiological mechanism of emotions from perspectives of interaction between peripheral and central nervous system.The typical examples are emotion circuit model and neurovisceral integration model.The former emphasized a processing way from peripheral to central（bottom-up） to try to explain the mechanism of the formation of emotion experience,and the latter a processing way from central to peripheral（top-down） trying to elucidate the mechanism of emotion regulation.Future research should build a more comprehensive physiological model of human emotions by drawing on these two models and combining with the recent new research results about the neural mechanisms of emotional information processing.