先唐山水观发展变化的特征与基本脉络——兼论魏晋南北朝时期山水文学成熟的原因

The Venation of Landscape View Changing in Xiantang Period——And the Reason that Landscape Literature be Matured in Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties

早在魏晋南北朝时,山水文学艺术作品赖以形成的审美性的山水观便已产生,这已得到了学术界的普遍认同。认为,审美性的山水观的真正形成,主要体现在以下三个方面,即从概念性的山水到具体的山水;从片断的山水到全景式的山水;从客观存在的美到主客观结合的美。只有在文学艺术作品中出现了同时符合具体的、全景式的、主客观结合的美这三个条件的山水形象时,才标志着真正审美意义上的山水观的产生。正是这种山水观的形成,魏晋南北朝时期的山水文学才得以产生并发展成熟。

As early as the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, the aesthetic view on the landscape whi the landscape literary, and artistic works based on had already appeared, and this has been universally recognized ch by the academic community. This article holds that the formation of the aesthetic view on the landscape is embodied at the following three aspects, namely ,from the conceptual to the concrete mountains and rivers;from the clips to the panoramic landscape ;from the objective beauty to the subjective and objective United beauty. Only if the image of the landscape in the literary and artistic works were the specific, panoramic and were the subjective and objective united beauty simultaneously, it marks the true sense of the aesthetic view on the landscape has formed. It is on this basis,the landscape literature in the Wei ,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties was able to form,develop and be mature.