江门市中心城区1021例腹部创伤患者流行病学分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of 1021 abdominal trauma patients in Jiangmen city

目的调查江门市中心城区腹部创伤流行病学特征及影响因素,为制定预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法回顾分析2005年1月至2009年12月本院就诊的1021例腹部创伤患者的流行病学资料。结果门、急诊治疗356例,以腹壁软组织挫裂伤为主;需要住院治疗665例,以肾、脾、肝损伤为主;AIS≥3分的500例,占75.19%。腹部创伤发生的原因依次为道路交通伤、锐器伤、坠落伤、跌伤。以青壮年人群为最多,男性发病率明显高于女性,男女比例为4.55:1。患者以生产工人为主(57.89%),复合伤390例,占38.20%,死亡49例占4.80%。结论腹部创伤的发生在发病年龄、职业、地点、受伤脏器等方面存在一定的规律性,针对高危人群因地制宜采取预防和干预措施,可有效降低发病率和病死率。

Objective To study the epidemiologic characteristics and influencing factors of abdominal trauma in Jiangmen city so as to provide some reference for making prevention and intervention measures. Methods The epidemiologic data of 1021 abdominal trauma patients were retrospective analyzed with epidemiological method. Results Totally there were 1021 cases of abdominal trauma patients, 356 cases of outpatients, 665 cases of hospitalized patients, AIS （abbreviated injury scale） ≥ 3 points in 500 cases, accounting for 75.19% of inpatients. The chief traumatic causes were traffic accident, sharps wound, falls. The main type of abdominal trauma was soft tissue injury, while kidney, spleen and liver were the mainly injury viscera of the inpatients. The wounded were mainly young adults. The male incidence was significantly higher than females. The ratio of male to female was 4.55 ：1. Patients were mainly production workers（57.89%）. 390 cases were combined injuries, accounting for 38.20%, 49 cases dead accounted for 4.80%. Conclusions There is certain regularity in the age, occupation, place of the injured and organ etc of abdominal trauma. Take preventive and intervention measures, according to local conditions for high-risk groups, can effectively reduce the morbidity and mortality.