城市自来水中挥发性有机氯污染物检测及健康风险评价初步研究

Preliminary study on the determination of volatile organochlorine compounds in drinking water of city and health risk assessment

水质安全是饮用水安全的重中之重,直接关系到人体健康。采用健康风险评价模式,对某市饮用水进行了分析和评价。研究结果表明,该市通过饮水途径引起的非致癌健康风险中四氯化碳最大,三氯甲烷次之,两者风险水平在10-5～10-6,远低于美国环境保护署推荐的最大可接受风险水平。通过饮水途径所致健康风险中,四氯乙烯所引起的致癌风险最大(1.2×10-8),但远远低于美国环境保护署推荐的通过饮水途径最大可接受风险水平(5×10-5)。根据美国环境保护署的推荐值,初步认为目前该市饮用水中挥发性有机污染物不会对人体产生明显的健康危害。

Establishing a model for assessment of water environmental health risk was of great importance due to the direct bearing of drinking water on human health. 9 drinking water samples were collected from 6 parts of a city,the content of volatile organochlorine compounds in these samples were detected,and a model was applied to assess the quality of drinking water in the city. The results showed that CCl4 and CHCl3 ,with the risk level of 10^-5-10^-6 , were main compounds in drinking water that caused non-carcinogens risks. However the risk was much lower than the maximum allowance levels recommended by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency（USEPA）. The carcinogens risk in drinking water was mainly induced by C2 lwith the risk level of 1.2 × 10^-8 ,it was significantly lower than the maximum allowance levels recommended by USEPA （5 × 10^-5 ）. According to suggested values of USEPA,it could be considered that volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons in the drinking water of city would not cause obvious health hazard to human beings currently.