论死亡标准的冲突对刑法适用的影响——兼评我国死亡标准的取舍

On the Conflict of the Death Criterion Influence upon the Application of Criminal Law

脑死说标准和心死说标准的分庭抗礼给刑法适用带来了困惑和混乱,脑死说和心死说两种标准在定罪、量刑、诉讼程序以及适用范围等方面存在冲突。在死亡判定标准上,各国立法存在"一元论"和"二元论"之争,基于人的死亡是一种客观事实、"二元论"标准在司法适用上的不合理现象,我国刑法适用宜采取"一元论"的脑死说标准。由于科学依据、社会文化、伦理道德和思想观念等多种原因,我国确立脑死亡的立法标准将漫长且困难。

The conflicts between the criterion of brain death and cardiac death have brought criminal justice difficulty and confusion.The conflicts between the theory of brain death and the theory of cardiac death lie in the conviction,measurement of penalty,contentious procedure,area of application and so on.There are the brain death criterion of monism and dualism in national legislation,because the death is the objective fact and the brain death criterion of dualism is unreasonable,and we should take the brain death criterion of dualism in Chinese criminal law.Because of the scientific basis,social culture,ethics,ideological sense and so on,it will be endless and difficult for us to establish the brain death criterion.