麦芽品质性状的遗传模型及其分析方法

A Genetic Model and Analytic Methods for Malt Quality Traits

本文提出分析大麦麦芽品质性状世代平均数的遗传模型．根据麦芽性状的特点，该模型将控制麦芽性状的总遗传效应(G)分解为萌动胚（下简称胚）基因效应(Go)和胚乳基因效应(Ge)．而Go又可分解为胚加性效应(Ao)和胚显性效应(Do)遗传分量，Ge则可分解为胚乳加性效应(Ae)和胚乳显性效应（De)遗传分量．采用MINQUE（0／1）法估算各项遗传方差分量和胚基因与胚乳基因之间的遗传协方差分量，无偏地预测各项遗传效应值．作为分析实例，本文对7个二棱大麦品种及其半双列杂交F_2的麦芽库尔巴哈指数和α-氨基氮含量资料进行了分析，并与两个缩减模型的结果作了比较．

A genetic model is proposed for analyzing generation means of malt quality traits in barley,according to the characteristic of malt trait.The total genetic effect(G)of malt uality traits is partitioned into germinating-embryo(designated as'embryo'for short)genetic effect (Go)and endosperm genetic effect(Ge).Embryo genetic effect can be further partitioned into dditive(Ao)and dominance(Do)genectic components,while endosperm genetic effect can also be partitioned into ndosperm additive(Ae)and endosperm dominance(De)genetic omponents.MINQUE(0/1)method can be used for estimating those genetic variance components and covari-ance components between embryo genes and endosperm genes as well as for predicting random genetic effects. Kolbach index(KI) and α-amino nitrogen(AA-N) content (mg/100g) of 7 parents and their half-diallel F2's of two-rowed barley (Hordeum distichum L.) are analyzed as a numer-ical example in comparison with the results of two reduced models.