广东南部电白小良试验站4种森林群落结构的对比研究

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF FOUR DIFFERENT FORESTS IN XIAOLIANG EXPERIMENTAL STATION, DIANBAI COUNTY, SOUTH GUANGDONG

通过对小良试验站不同类型、不同林龄的３种人工林群落（群落Ｂ：桉林；群落Ｃ：松桉混交林；群落Ｄ：阔叶混交林）与当地自然次生热带季雨林（乡土林）相比较，从群落结构的角度探讨人工恢复热带森林的可行性．结果表明：从桉林到松桉混交林到阔叶混交林，３种人工林群落的组成结构和空间结构向着复杂性和稳定性方向发展，并逐渐向地带性自然次生林方向演替；群落的相似性研究也表明，阔叶混交林是３种人工林中与乡土林最为相似．因此，对于极度退化的热带丘陵台地区，在一定工程和生物措施基础上，用先锋绿化树种造林成功后，及时用多层多种的阔叶混交林改造原有先锋林，可以加速人工林向地带性植被类型演替．

Three artificial forest communities (i.e. community B: eucalyptus forest; community C: pine and eucalyptus mixed forest; community D: broadleaved mixed forest) in the Xiaoliang Experimental Station were compared with a local secondary tropical evergreen monsoon forest to study the feasibility of forest restoration in the tropical areas. The results indicated the composition structure and spatial pattern of the three antificial forests became more complicated and stable from community B to community C and to community D, and developed gradually toward the local tropical monsoon forest. The studies on community similarity also indicated that community D was the most similar to the local tropical monsoon forest. Therefore, with some engineering and biological measures, after some pioneer trees are planted in extremely degraded tropical areas,the pioneer forest should be reformed by multilayer and multispecies broad leaved mixed forest in time, wihich could accelerate the development of artificial forest into local climax community.