有机肥无机肥配施对玉米生长期土壤水解酶活性的影响

Effect of inorganic fertilizer combined with organic manure on soil hydrolase activities during the growth of corn

为了探讨有机无机肥配施对土壤水解酶活性动态变化的影响以及土壤水解酶活性之间的相关性,在陕西省眉县进行田间试验,研究和分析土壤水解酶活性变化。结果表明,玉米生育期内,土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶在拔节期出现活性高峰,土壤脲酶活性在大喇叭口期达到玉米生育期最高峰。单施低量有机肥处理(M1N0)、单施中量氮肥处理(M0N2)和有机无机肥配施处理(M1N2、M2N2、M3N2),土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶活性比不施肥处理(M0N0)高,其中M2N2处理蔗糖酶活性最高26.56 mg glucose/(g土.24h),比M0N0处理高出48.63%,M3N2处理脲酶活性最高0.80 mg NH3-N/(g土.24h),比M0N0处理高出25.00%,碱性磷酸酶活性以M2N2处理最高2.21mg酚/(g土.24h),比M0N0处理高出0.16 mg酚/(g土.24h)。蔗糖酶与碱性磷酸酶活性、脲酶与碱性磷酸酶活性之间的相关性均达显著水平(P<0.05),而蔗糖酶与脲酶活性之间的相关性未达显著水平(P>0.05)。

To explore the effects of inorganic fertilizer combined with organic manure on the changes of soil hydrolase activities and the correlations among soil hydrolase activities,the soil hydrolase activities of experimental field were mensurated and analyzed in Meixian County,Shaanxi Province.The results showed that during the growth of corn,the activities of soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase peaked at jointing stage,the soil urease activity had a peak at large bell stage.The activities of soil invertase,urease and alkaline phosphatase were higher in the low organic manure treatment（M1N0）,middle N fertilizer treatment（M0N2） and inorganic fertilizer combined with organic manure treatment（M1N2,M2N2,M3N2） compared to the unfertilized treatment（M0N0）,invertase activity in the M2N2 treatment was the highest 26.56 U,which was 48.63% higher than that in the M0N0 treatment,urease activity in the M3N2 treatment was highest at 0.80 N,which was 25.00% higher compared to the M0N0 treatment,alkaline phosphatase activity in the M2N2 treatment was the highest at 2.21 H,which was higher than that in the M0N0 treatment by 0.16 H.Significant correlation was found between the invertase and alkaline phosphatase activity（P0.05）,the urease and alkaline phosphatase activity,but the correlation between the invertase and urease activity was not significant（P0.05）.