不同油菜品种苗期叶柄硝态氮含量与产量及品质的关系

Relationship of nitrate N concentration in petiole at seedling stage to seed yield and quality at harvest over rapeseed cultivars

油菜是高需氮作物,有效的氮素养分管理是其高产、高效、优质生产的关键。采用大田试验方法,研究了不同施氮水平下18个品种油菜苗期叶柄硝态氮含量与其收获期产量和品质的关系。结果表明:同一施氮水平下,苗期不同油菜品种的叶柄硝态氮含量存在明显差异;土壤供氮充足的情况下,苗期叶柄硝态氮含量能反映收获时不同油菜品种间生物量、产量籽粒吸氮量、整株吸氮量变化;苗期油菜叶柄硝态氮含量与株高、分枝节位高度、单株角果数的相关关系受供氮水平的影响;一次有效分枝、每角粒数、千粒重的相关关系与苗期叶柄硝态氮含量无关;无论施氮水平如何,苗期油菜叶柄的硝态氮含量与籽粒各项品质指标均无显著相关。

Rapeseed is one of the high nitrogen-requiring crops.Effective management of nitrogen is the key for high yield,high efficiency and high quality rapeseed production.Field experiment was carried out to study nitrate N concentration in petiole at seedling stage and its relationship to seed yield and quality over 18 rapeseed varieties.The obtained results showed that petiole nitrate N concentrations were significantly different over rapeseed varieties at the same N application rate.Petiole nitrate N concentrations at seedling stage could reflect the change of shoot biomass,seed yield,and N uptake in seed and shoot over varieties at harvest,when soil N was sufficiently supplied.However,no significant relationship was observed between petiole nitrate N concentration at seedling stage and primary branches,seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight,and its relationships to plant height,branch height and silique number per plant were different under different N application rates.Whether the N rate was high or low,no significant relation was showed between petiole nitrate N concentration at seedling stage and seed quality indexes at harvest.