非充分灌溉下日光温室小型西瓜高产指标研究

Study on high-yielding indicators of greenhouse mini-watermelon under deficit irrigation

以温室小型西瓜为试验材料,以日光温室内E601型蒸发器蒸发量值为控制灌溉水量依据,在西瓜的不同生育阶段设置4个灌水水平,研究非充分灌溉下不同灌水量对温室小型西瓜产量的影响,并以小型西瓜生育期结束时的株高、茎粗、地上部干重和根干重为单项指标,通过通径分析方法,计算它们与产量之间的直接通径系数和间接通径系数。结果表明,适宜的非充分灌溉能显著提高小型西瓜的产量和水分利用效率。茎粗、地上部干重和根干重与产量之间均呈显著或极显著关系,且茎粗和根干重对产量直接影响较大,可作为评价小型西瓜高产的单项指标,而地上部干重则通过与其它指标的相互影响间接作用于产量。根冠比的分析表明,根冠比维持在某一适当范围时将获得高产。

Taking mini-watermelon as the test material,four irrigation levels were set at different growth stages in greenhouse.With irrigation water amount controlled by E-601 type evaporator,the effects of deficit irrigation on greenhouse miniwatermelon yield were studied.Taking the stem height,stem diameter,above-ground dry weight and root dry weight as the monomial indicators,calculation was made of the direct and indirect path coefficient among these indicators and yield through path analysis method.The results indicated that appropriate deficit irrigation could improve yield and water use efficiency obviously.The relationship among stem diameter,above-ground dry weight,root dry weight and yield was obviously significant,and stem diameter and root dry weight could be considered as the monomial indicators for evaluating the high mini-watermelon yield,but above-ground dry weight had an indirect influence on mini-watermelon yield through interaction with other indicators.Through the analysis to root-shoot ratio which was a relative high yield indicator,it showed that the mini-watermelon would get high yield when the root-shoot ratio maintained in a certain range. The results supplied guidance to cultivate mini-watermelon with high yield form indicators.