“终于”的词汇化——兼谈“X于”词汇化中的介词并入

The Lexicalization on "Zhongyu"(终于) ——The Preposition Incorporation in the Lexicalization on "X Yu(于)"

副词"终于"是由"动+介"的非句法结构词汇化形成的。当介词"于"后面的宾语由名词性成分扩展为谓词性成分时,介词"于"的介引功能弱化、消失,发生去范畴化,从而有可能跨界并入与"终"合为一个整体;另一方面,动词"终"因为位于多项动词的前项,语义泛化,也失去动词的典型范畴特征。在二者合力下"终于"演变为副词。"终于"及"X于"类词词汇化的主要动因是去范畴化和介词并入。

＂Zhongyu＂（终于） is formed from the non-syntactic structure form＂V（Zhong（终））＋Prep（Yu（于））＂through lexicalization.When the object of prep ＂Yu＂（于） expands from NP to VP,thefunction as a prep weakens and disappears.And ＂Yu（于）＂ is decategorized,then it may thus cross the boundary and is incorporated with ＂Zhong（终）＂ and lexicalized to form a compound word.On the other hand,the verb ＂Zhong（终）＂,located at the first tie of the verbs with the semantics generalized,loses many of the verb＇s typical categorical characteristics.Under the joint efforts of the two,＂Zhongyu＂（终于） evolves into an adverb.The main motivations about the lexicalization on ＂Zhongyu＂（终于） and ＂X Yu（于）＂ are decategorization and preposition incorporation.