高黎贡山赧亢白眉长臂猿受胁因子分析及其缓解对策探讨

Evaluating Interfering Factors for Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) at Nankang Area in Mt. Gaoligong with Discussing Strategy for Reducing Their Effects

以社区走访、现场察看、相关利益群体研讨会、保护区管理人员访谈和资料查阅、专家学者咨询相结合的方法,了解高黎贡山赧亢生境走廊带社区居民森林资源利用现状及威胁白眉长臂猿生存的因子。非法偷猎、草果种植、非木质林产品采集、森林砍伐、科学考察、车辆噪音和旅游活动等7项为干扰白眉长臂猿生存的因子。前4个因子对白眉长臂猿的干扰较为严重,所以重点分析了其因果链。据调查和专家咨询结果,对7个干扰因子的影响范围、严重性、不可逆转性赋值,计算它们的目标—威胁级别和综合威胁级别。除"非法偷猎"和"草果种植"的目标—威胁级别"中等"外,其余因子的均为"低";而所有因子的综合威胁级别均为"低"。最后,从威胁因子因果链的源头治理和直接针对干扰因子的特殊处理2个方面讨论相应的缓解威胁因子的对策。

The status of forest resources utilization by the community at habitat corridor of Nankang area in Mt. Gaoligong and interfering factors for Hoolock gibbon （Hoolock hoolock） were investigated by the combination methods of community survey,field investigation,stakeholder conference,interviewing staffs in the nature reserve,reading references extensively and expert consultation. The results showed that there were seven interfering factors threatening the Hoolock gibbon,including illegal hunting,Caoguo （Amomum tsao-ko） plantations,collecting un-wooden forest products,logging,scientific inspection,car noise and tour activity. The former four factors heavily disturbed the Hoolock gibbon,so their causal chains were analyzed intensively. According to results of field investigation and expert consultation,seven interfering factors evaluated from scope,breakage and execution,and un-reversion or beyond retrieve,then counted their ratings of target-threat and summary threat. The all factors of target-threat rating were in the low grade except illegal hunting and Caoguo planting were in the middle grade. All factors of summary threat rating were in low grade. Finally,the strategies about reducing influence of interfering factors were discussed from controlling source of interfering factors in the causal chain and directly dealing with interfering factors.