基于超声波和TDOA的无线传感器网络高精度定位方法

A high-precision positioning method for wireless sensor networks based on ultrasonic and TDOA

提出了基于超声波与射频信号到达时间差(Time Difference of Arrival,TDOA)的无线传感器网络节点定位方法。采用基于簇的分层网络拓扑结构,使用信标节点作为簇头,设计实现了动态簇头自动选取算法,提高了定位算法的快速响应性,并通过误差补偿和软件鲁棒性设计,提高了系统的定位精度。基于AVR单片机和CC1100射频芯片完成了无线传感器网络中移动节点、信标节点和汇聚节点的硬件设计与实现。实验数据表明本文设计的无线传感器网络定位系统的定位精度在30cm之内,并且定位算法具有较好的时间响应性,移动节点的最大速度可以达到11.5m/s。

A positioning method based on ultrasonic and RF signal＇s Time Difference of Arrival （TDOA） for Wireless Sensor Networks （WSN） is proposed.By using beacons as cluster heads,an algorithm based on hierarchical network topology which can select cluster heads dynamically and improve response time is designed.Via error compensation and software robustness design,positioning accuracy is also improved.The mobile nodes,beacon nodes and sink nodes based on AVR MCU and CC1100 RF chip for WSN is designed and implemented.Experimental data show that the positioning system for WSN has a positioning accuracy within 30cm.Besides,the positioning algorithm has good response time.The mobile node can reach a maximum speed of 11.5m/s.