FDI溢出效应、技术缺口与工业发展——基于我国汽车业的实证分析

FDI Spillovers Effect,Technology Gap and Industrial Development:An Analysis Based on Chinese Automobile Industry

本文以2004-2005年面板数据,从FDI企业角度全面实证中国汽车产业FDI的溢出效应,结果表明,FDI企业的确对中国汽车产业产生正的溢出效应,当然进入中国汽车产业的FDI也不是理想的,其具有挤出效应的一面。同时,FDI企业的溢出效应与技术缺口有较大的关系,FDI企业对技术缺口较大的改装制造业的溢出效应不显著,对技术缺口适中的整车制造业有正的技术溢出效应,而对技术缺口最小的零件制造业的技术产生挤出效应。本文认为"市场换技术"是中国汽车产业发展中的一个历史的且不可少的过程。

Based on the FDI enterprises, we use the panel data from 2004 to 2005 to examine the FDI spillovers effects in this paper. Our results show that FDI enterprises do have positive spillover effects on Chinese automobile industry. At the same time, FDI in Chinese automobile industry is not always perfect because it has crowding out effects to local enterprises. The further empirical analysis shows that the spillovers effects of FDI enterprises is much related with technology gap. That is FDI enterprises do not have significant spillovers effects on the re - assembling manufacture which has bigger technology gap, have positive spillovers effects on the whole automobile manufacture which has moderate technology gap, but the FDI enterprises have crowding out effects for the automobile part industry which has the smallest technology gap. We argue that the strategy of ＂ market for technology＂ is a necessary stage for the industrial development of Chinese automobile.