新疆阿苇滩水库浮游植物群落生态特征

Ecological Features of Phytoplankton Community in Aweitan Reservoir in Xinjiang

阿苇滩水库位于新疆阿勒泰地区,是额尔齐斯河上游的引水注入式水库,在当地水产养殖发展中占有重要地位。为了解其渔业生物资源现状,于2008年7月(平水期)、10月(枯水期)和2009年5月(丰水期),在阿苇滩水库设置3个断面进行浮游植物研究。共采集到浮游植物8门99种(属),其中优势种8种,分别为小形色球藻(Chroococcus minor)、广源小环藻(Cyllotella bodani-ca)、尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)、浮球藻(Planktosphaeria gelotinosa)、膨胀四角藻(Tetra觕dron tumidulum)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)、韦氏藻(Westlla botryoides)和小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)。水库浮游植物细胞密度变化趋势明显,平水期(6.88±1.07×106ind/L)>枯水期(3.66±0.45×106ind/L)>丰水期(0.97±0.23×106ind/L)。结果显示,库区水温和水容量变化是影响水体浮游植物种类组成、密度和多样性指数变化的主要因素。

Aweitan reservoir is located in Altay, Xinjiang. The water of the reservoir comes from a fiver at the head waters of Ertix River. It is an important water resource for fishery. The study of phytoplankton community structure in Aweitan reservoir was carried out on July 2008, October 2008 and May 2009 to explore the features related to fishery. A total of 99 species, belonging to 8 phylums were identified, including 8 dominant species, such as, Chroococcus minor, Cyllotella bodanica, Synedra acus, Planktosphaeria gelotinosa, Tetra？dron tumidulum, Scenedesmus quadricauda as well as Chlorella vulgaris. The Cyanophyta is accounted for 44% of the collectivity, and the Bacillariophyta for 35%. The cell density was the greatest （6.88±1.07×10^6ind/L） in the normal water season, and was the smallest in the wet season （0.97±0.23×10^6ind/L）. The phytoplankton composition, cell density, and diversity were found to be closely related to the temperature and the water volume of Aweitan reservoir.