数字式电子调速器动态特性的研究

Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Digital Electronic Speed Regulator

本论文介绍的数字式电子调速器,是用步进电机作为执行器,以AT89C51单片机为主控芯片,通过编制相应的控制程序,实现了汽油机的数字调速。通过减小瞬时调速率成为全面提高汽油机调速性能的关键。采用PID控制算法,按汽油机过渡过程各阶段转速变化的情况,确定PID各项的系数,调节节气门开度的变化量。实验结果表明,瞬时调速率达到5.6%,稳定时间1.64s,瞬时调速率和稳定时间都有很大的提高,该方法对改善电子调速器的动态特性有明显的效果。

Digital electronic governor is a valid solution to control petrol engines flexibly.The actuator of this governor was step motor. The main chip is AT89C51.The control program is developed. Through developing the control program,speed governing of the gasoline is accomplished. For the purpose of dynamic characteristic improvement of the electronic speed regulator, by means of PID control algorithm, the adjustment of throttle was governed by speed changes of the gasoline engine at different phases in the transition period. The test data of engine showed that instantaneous speed droop can reach 5.6%, stabilization time is 1.64s, and the method has an obvious effect on improving performance of speed regulating for gasoline engine.