贫困农村儿童的能力发展状况及其影响因素

On the Development of Young Children in Chinese Poor Rural Areas

本研究利用区慕洁教授设计和编制的儿童能力发展测试问卷,分析了当前贫困农村儿童能力发展的现状及其影响因素。结果表明,贫困农村儿童的能力发展很不乐观,远远落后于城市同年龄段儿童的发展水平,能力发展不足的情况非常普遍,具体体现在认知能力、社会交往能力、自理能力、语言能力和精细运动能力等方面。贫困农村地区儿童能力发展水平和接受正规学前教育存在显著的相关关系。为了促进农村儿童的能力发展,今后需要加大农村学前教育投入,改善农村学前教育服务质量,鼓励儿童家长将孩子送到正规学前教育机构接受学前教育,从而在起点上缩小城乡教育差距,促进农村儿童全面发展。

In this study, we use the questionnaire designed and developed by Mu Jie to test the development of children capacity and its influencing factors. The results showed that the capacity of poor rural children is lagging far behind urban children in the same age level of development, and the lack of capacity development is very common, embodied in the cognitive, social and communication skills, self-care ability, language ability and fine motor ability and all other aspects. The study also pointed out that there is a significant correlation between the capacity development of children in poor rural areas and their received formal pre-school education level. Finally, this study suggests that we need to invest more on the pre-school education in rural for improving the quality of rural pre-school education, and encouraging parents to send their children to formal institutions for pre-school education, in order to reduce rural-urban gap in education and promote rural children＇s overall development.