中国出口贸易品技术结构的测算

The Estimation on Technological Structure of Export Production in China

本文利用贸易品技术附加值指数和相对技术附加值高度对中国出口贸易的技术水平进行了测定。本文提出的贸易品技术水平和贸易结构的测定方法剔除了时间变化趋势,是对现有方法的改进和扩展。中国的比较优势主要体现在纺织服装和机械设备方面,竞争劣势体现在高附加值的化学品和商业服务方面。1995～2007年,中国出口贸易的整体技术水平得到了不断提高,并于2006年之后超过世界平均水平;中国出口贸易结构不断升级,表现出向发达国家靠近的趋势。

This paper uses the index of technology content and relative technology level to estimate China's export technological structure. This method avoids the impact of time,so it's a contribution to researches.China's comparative advantage mainly embodies in textile,clothing and machine while its comparative disadvantage embodies in chemical and commercial service which content low technological value.From 1995 to 2007,the total technological level of China's export improved continously and exceeded the world in 2006.The upgrade of China's trade structure tends to the one of advanced country.