政策冲突视角下中国煤电紧张关系形成机理

The Formation Mechanism of Tense Atmosphere in Coal-electricity Relationships in the Policies Conflict Aspects

近年来,煤电关系紧张成为制约中国经济协调可持续发展的突出问题。本文从政策冲突视角研究了中国煤电关系紧张的形成机理,发现存在"六重"政策冲突助推中国煤电关系紧张。①煤矿安全规制、资源整合与经济增长、重工业结构政策的冲突;②煤炭资源补偿机制改革与控制通货膨胀的冲突;③煤炭购销运输体制与煤电企业市场化交易的冲突;④电煤订货会(合同汇总)与电煤市场化交易的冲突;⑤电煤价格规制与电煤价格市场化的冲突;⑥电力价格规制与电煤价格市场化的冲突,并据此提出了解决中国煤电关系紧张问题的政策思路。

In the recent years, the coal-electricity relationships are always in tense atmosphere, which impede the healthy development of the Chinese economy. In this paper, the formation mechanisms of tense atmosphere in coal-electricity relationships are studied in the policies conflict aspects. The study show that there at least six dual policies conflicts in the coal-electricity relationships, such as： ①Coal safely production regulation, resource enterprises integration and disintegration policies conflicting with the economy growing and the structure deviation to heavily industry policies; ②The coal resource compensation mechanism reform policies conflicting with the cutting inflation policies; ③The coal trading and transporting system conflicting with the marketization trading between the coal and electricity enterprises; ④The steam coal for electricity generation ordering meeting （or the contract collecting） policies conflicting with the marketization trading policies of the steam coal for electricity generation; ⑤The regulation policies and the marketization policies of the steam coal prices for electricity generation; ⑥The electricity prices regulation and the marketization of the steam coal prices for electricity generation. Thus some suggestions are given to resolve the tense atmosphere problems of the coal-electricity relationships.