草原生态重建的国家补偿

On the State Compensation for Grassland Ecological Reconstruction

草地资源的公共物品性质、城乡二元结构衍生的经济政策和处在草原生态损害严重的特殊时期,决定了我国草原生态重建亟待国家补偿。在包括历史沉积成本、环境基质额外成本和现代生态损害成本的总的草原生态建设成本的分担中,政府应承担主要责任,实行国家补偿,而当代的草原生态损害者和建设受益者也应承担部分补偿责任。可以将新中国成立初期的草原系统状态作为草原生态补偿在一个较长时期应达到的目标,实行国家直接补偿与责任对应补偿相结合的原则。一般说来,草原生态重建国家补偿的技术经济措施可作以下的排序:基础设施建设、治沙和草地建设、棚圈建设、机械化、良种化、其他。

Since grassland resource is a kind of public goods,and influenced by the dual urban-rural structure policy,the grassland in our country is experiencing a special period of serious ecological damage.State compensation is an urgent need to reconstruct grassland ecology.Taking into account the deposition costs of history,spillover costs of environment and ecological damage costs,the government should take the primary responsibility in this progress.Grassland ecological spoilers and beneficiaries of ecological reconstruction should Shoulder part of responsibility.The grassland ecological status of 1940′s could be the desired objective we attempt to achieve in long term.The fundamental of reconstruction is combining direct state compensation with the corresponding responsibility compensation.Generally speaking,the technical and economic measures of the state compensation for grassland ecological reconstruction could be enumerated as following： Infrastructure construction,sand control,sheds building,mechanization of animal husbandry,pasture Seed Improvement,and so on.