城市轨道交通规划环境影响评价的回顾与探析

Retrospection of PEA Practices on Urban Rail Transit Planning in China

回顾了各城市轨道交通规划及规划环境影响评价的开展情况。总结、归纳了城市轨道交通规划环境影响评价的主要任务、作用和工作流程,提出了轨道交通规划环境影响评价应遵循的重要原则。对选线、选址、敷设方式比选、规划协调性分析、资源承载力分析、诱发(间接)环境影响分析、累积环境影响分析,以及噪声、振动、电磁辐射、生态、水污染、风亭异味、弃土弃渣和社会环境影响等评价重点进行了探讨。在剖析轨道交通规划环境影响评价存在问题的基础上,提出了针对性的改进对策和建议。

This paper introduces the practice of urban rail transit planning and the connected environmental assessment in China,including the purpose,functions,working procedure and principles that are supposed to be pertinent to this sectoral planning environmental impact assessment（PEA）through case studies.All the significant fields related to PEA are discussed,such as the layout of metro network,terminal＇s location,choices of track elevation,relations between the relevant policies,planning and programs,the bearing capacities of resources,indirect and cumulative impacts,noise vibration,electro-magnetic interference,potential ecosystem changes,water pollution,unpleasant smell from the ventilation facilities,disposal of the construction debris,and so on.The management process of PEA is also discussed.Meanwhile,drawbacks that commonly exist in PEA practice are addressed with specific countermeasures.