宫内节育器使用者围绝经期取器与定期检查的相关知识与行为调查

Survey on intrauterine device knowledge and routine check-up among menopausal users

目的:了解宫内节育器(IUD)使用者围绝经期取器与检查的相关知识与行为及其影响因素,以更好地为围绝经期妇女开展计划生育服务。方法:以上海市静安区常住居民中已放置IUD的40～55岁女性为研究对象,以街道为单位进行等比例分层随机抽样,采用自编问卷调查1500人,内容包括个人特征、IUD相关知识和定期检查情况等。结果:实际调查1462人,其中81%的对象了解现用的IUD使用期限,87%的对象了解闭经6～12个月应取器,使用者的年龄、职业和置器时医生的宣传教育是上述知识知晓与否的重要影响因素;使用者置器后第1年、调查前3年内定期检查率分别为83%、68%,定期检查的主要影响因素为职业、文化程度以及置器时医生的宣传。结论:提高IUD相关知识知晓率及定期检查率的重点人群是受教育水平低者以及工人、农民,规范技术人员在置器时的宣传教育服务有助于提高妇女知识获取以及置器后的定期检查率。

Objective：To understand the current intrauterine device（IUD）knowledge and routine check-up among menopausal users of IUDs in urban areas of Shanghai.Methods：A stratified probability proportional to size sample（1 500 participants aged 40 to 55）was drawn to be street representative of menopausal IUD users living in Jingan District,Shanghai.A structured questionnaire was used and participants＇ background information,IUD knowledge,routine examination after the IUD insertion and so on were investigated.Results：A total of 1 462 subjects were interviewed.About 81% of the subjects knew the life-expectancy of the IUDs currently used;87% knew the IUDs needed to be removed 6 to 12 months after menopause.After controlling potential confounding with logistic regression,the IUD knowledge was significantly associated with the users＇ age,occupation and the quality of counseling provided by doctors when they took the IUD insertion services.About 83% of women sought IUD check-up during the first year after IUD insertion,and only 68% sought routine check-up during the last 3 years.Women＇s occupation and education as well as providers＇ counseling quality at the time of IUD insertion significantly impacted the frequency of IUD check-up afterwards.Conclusion：The less-educated women,the workers and farmers should be paid more attention to increase their IUD-related knowledge and routine IUD check-up.Both of the users＇ knowledge and routine check-up would be improved by providing good counseling services of family planning.