贵州省农村育龄夫妇预防出生缺陷知识、态度、行为的现状及需求调查

Survey on the knowledge,attitude,practice and demands of birth defect prevention among couples of reproductive age in rural Guizhou

目的:了解贵州省农村育龄夫妇预防出生缺陷知识、态度、行为的现状及需求,为建立出生缺陷干预模式提供依据。方法:采用多阶段随机与整群相结合抽样方法,抽取贵州省内8个县中2360个家庭为对象进行问卷调查,问卷分为妻子回答部分和丈夫回答部分。结果:收回有效问卷2318份,出生缺陷知识总分及格率仅为46.15%;70%以上的育龄妇女对预防出生缺陷持有积极态度;在预防出生缺陷行为调查项目中,仅有56.38%的妇女及66.65%的丈夫得分及格。结论:调查地区育龄妇女对出生缺陷知识的知晓率低,知识的匮乏直接影响到育龄夫妇对预防出生缺陷的态度,不能主动形成有益于预防出生缺陷的行为,提示农村地区预防出生缺陷知识普及宣传不到位,育龄人群预防出生缺陷的意识和行为亟待提高。

Objective：To explore the current status of the knowledge,attitude,practice and demands of birth defect prevention among couples of reproductive age in rural Guizhou in order to provide scientific basis for birth defect prevention.Methods：A stratified random sampling method was used to recruit 2 360 families in 8 counties of Guizhou Province and a questionnaire survey was conducted.The wives and husbands answered the corresponding questions respectively.Results：A total of 2 318 validated questionnaires were recovered.A total of 46.15% of the respondents passed the examination on the knowledge of birth defect prevention;More than 70% of the women at reproductive age took a positive attitude to birth defect prevention.Only 56.38% of the wives and 66.65% of the husbands passed the examination on the behavior of birth defect prevention.Conclusion：The women in the present study have low awareness of birth defects prevention.The knowledge deficiency directly influences their attitude to birth defects prevention,resulting in their passive behavior.To strengthen the propaganda and popularization of knowledge on birth defect prevention among rural people of reproductive age is a precondition for improving their awareness and behaviors.