摘要
目的 了解手足口病的流行病学规律，探讨恰当、正确的应对措施，有效地开展预防控制工作。方法对2008年2009年手足口病监测情况进行三间分布分析、肠道病毒71（EV71）和柯萨奇A16（CAV16）病毒核酸检测。结果手足口病发病以幼儿为主，尤其是散居儿童。2009年手足口病发病较2008年有提前发病并呈上升趋势的现象。哈尔滨市区这两午的手足口病发病率明显高于外县。一般病例的CAV16和EV71核酸检出率为86.58％，高于重症病例的检出率5897％。咽拭子阳性检测率1406％，粪便或肛拭子阳性检测率50.79％。结论手足口病是小儿常见传染病，绝大多数为轻型病例，预防的重点是高发期健康教育。
objctive To study epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） and to find out the correct and proper measures for preventing and controlling it effectively. Methods All of HFMD cases （21495） were classified clinically and analyzed epidemiologically.The nucleocapsid of Coxsackievirus A16 （CAV16） and Enterovirus 71 （EV71） were detected by RT-PCR. Results Young children were attacked by HFMD,especially those were Live scattered children. HFMD morbidity in 2009 has come on ahead of time comparatively in 2008 and assumes the uptrend phenomenon. HFMD morbidity city overtops rural area in 2 years obviously in Harbin. The positive rate of nucleocapsid of CAV16 and EV71 was 86.58% in slight cases but 58.97% in severe cases. The positive rate of nucleocapsid was 14.06%in pharynx samples, 50.79%in stool samples. Conclusions Most cases of HFMD are slight in clinically . The emphsis of prevention is the health education and promotion in epidemic season.
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
Hand-foot-mouth disease, Epidemiology, Enterovirus
