关中农户笼养蛋鸡环境研究 Ⅱ冬春季环境研究

Studies on the Environment of Farmers Rearing Layers in Sheds with Chicken coop in Winter and Spring in Guanzhong Region of Shaanxi

对关中地区农户笼养蛋鸡舍冬季１０户、春季７户环境测定结果表明：冬季舍内温度最高、最低分别为（１３．７±０．８２）℃和（７．４±１．９）℃，春季为（２１．３±０．６）℃和（１５．６±１．４）℃，冬春两季笼内平均温度分别为（９．９±１．３）℃和（１７．７±０．９）℃；两季平均舍内相对湿度为（６４．３±４．４）％和（５９．５±１９．４）％；舍内气流速度分别为０．０６ｍ／ｓ和０．０７ｍ／ｓ；照度分别为（１９．４±５．３）ｌｘ和（４５．１６３±３７．７）ｌｘ。以上指标冬春季节除照度偏大、变异范围较宽及冬季舍温偏低外，其它均可满足蛋鸡需要。两饮水点（自来水），冬春两季氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮含量较高，细菌数量严重超标，ｐＨ值均符合饮水标准。

Ten farmer families rearing layers in sheds with coop in winter and five of them in autum in Guanzhong region of Shaanxi province were selected to detect the environment inside and outside the coops. The results indicated that the maximum and minimum temperatures in sheds were (13.7± 0.82 )℃ and (7.4±1.9)℃ in winter and (21.3±0.6)℃ and (15.6±1.4)℃ in spring,respectively; the average coops temperatures in the two seasons were (9.9±1.3)℃ and (17.3±0.9)℃, respctively; the average relative humidity in two seasons were (64.3±4.4)% and (59.5±19.4)%, respectively; and the speed of air flows were 0.06 m/s and 0.07 m/s and intensity illumination were(19.4±5.3)lx and (45.16± 37.7) lx also in winter and in spring, respectively. All of above the indicators except the intensity illumination having a bit too strong, its variation a little wider in spring, and the sheds temperature having a bit lower in winter satisfied the layers demand. Layers drinking water from two supplying sites in the two seasons, the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrite-N were higher, the amount of bactria exceeded Chinas drinking water criteria, but the pH accorded with the criteria.