作为方法的“躯体”——巴赫金躯体理论颠覆性的文学解释

A Subversive Literary Explanation of Bakhtin's Body Theory

巴赫金从研究"狂欢"及"怪诞"等文化现象中揭示躯体的政治和伦理属性,且从躯体内部分出联系价值与秩序的"上"与"下"、"官方"与"民间"等文化层级。大无畏的"以下犯上"的躯体行为和与此相呼应的民间语言,自由而欢乐,象征性的戏谑、颠覆了充满禁忌、恐怖、压抑的官方世界。这种躯体理论,我们可以而且应该落实到我们的文学解释中来。以从极具广场性和民间性的勾栏瓦肆诞生的《西游记》中下半身躯体言行为例,我们清楚的看出躯体各部位的价值等级以及明中后期资本萌芽状态下的市民社会的反抗意识。作为方法的躯体理论将在文化和文学研究实践带给我们新生机和信心。

Bakhtin thinks that the body has the attributes of politics and ethics.Body can be allotted into ＂up＂ and ＂down＂,corresponding ＂authority＂ and ＂folk＂.The body behavior turning upside down has an intense subversion.With the body word behaviour of below-average in Pilgrimage to the West as an example,we can see clearly the resistance consciousness of the civil society.The body theory as a methodology will bring us vitality and confidence in the practice of cultural and literary research.